Virus And How To Handling

A. Understanding Viruses

Computer virus is a small program which is designed to be spread from one computer to another and disrupt / hinder the infected computer's operating system.computer virus can also damage or delete data and files from an infected computer.Then by using the computer email system computer virus will spread itself via e-mail list from that computer.

Computer viruses spread most easily through email. That is why it is important to not open an email attachment from someone you do not know unless an email from someone who did you expect / wait for email. Computer Viruses can be disguised / camouflaged as an attachment to an email in the form of image files, greeting cards, and can also masquerade as video files and even pdf file. The virus can also spread through downloads - download on the Internet. They are hidden in the files downloaded are as dark passenger.

In order to avoid computer viruses, it is important to always keep your computer from virus attacks the computer by using anti-virus software current. It is important also to have the most updated information about new computer virus threats, and you should always be vigilant and adhere to basic rules when browsing the Internet, do not download files from websites that are not clear and not open an email attachment from someone you do not know . Because, once your computer is infected with a computer virus, then the result can be fatal.

B. How Computer Viruses Work by Type

Virus is a computer program that has the ability to destroy files or damage a computer system. Viruses have many different types and has a way of working is different, the following types of viruses and how each virus:

1. Virus Files
This virus has infected the workings of an existing application or document on your computer. When an infected application is executed, the virus will spread by infecting files or documents accessed by the application.

2. Boot Sector Virus
This virus has a way of working that is infecting the hard disk boot sector (boot sector is an area in the hard drive is accessible when the computer is first turned on). If the boot sector virus is active, users will not be booting the computer normally.

3. E-mail Virus
This virus has a way of working that is spread via e-mail (usually in the form of attached files / attachments). The virus has a special characteristic of the extension. Scr,. Exe,. PIF, or. Bat. If the virus is active, it will transmit itself to the various e- mail addresses contained in the user's address book.

4. Multipartite Virus
This virus has a way of working that infects computer files on the hard disk boot sector as well. This type of virus will cause many problems because it causes a fatal damage.

5. Polymorphic virus
This virus has a unique way of working with this virus can change the code itself (change form) while spreading itself to other computers Virus type more difficult to detect because they have such properties.

6. Virus Beast (stealth virus)
This virus has a way of working that is he able to hide himself by making an infected file as if the file is not infected.

7. Macro Virus
This virus has a way of working which infect Microsoft Office applications, such as Word and Excel. Documents are usually infected by Macro Virus will modify the existing command in Microsoft Office such as the "Save" to spread itself when the command is run.


C. Kind Of Viruses and How Abatement

1. Virus: Storm Worm is a virus that emerged in 2006, the Storm Worm is a nickname that is given by the company in Finlanddia F-Secure, Strom This worm spreads via email with the title "230 dead as storm betters Europe" Storm worm is Trojan House is a program of several versions to make the bots or making computer into an automatic email spam, the Storm Worm accounted for 8% of all malware infections globally. Used Anti-virus: BitDefender Antivirus (www.bitdefender.com)

2. Virus: Leap-A/Oompa- A is a virus that attacks the Mac Os oprasi system capable of sending messages to all contacts you have in iChat, the virus has entered through iChat JPEG format, virus Leap-A or Oompa-A is not dangerous enough but in this age teryata anyone can create a virus that can penetrate even the Mac OS on a Mac Os Os have the concept of security through obscurity is sure that no virus will penetrate the system. Used Anti-virus: Kaspersky Anti-Virus (www.kaspersky.com)

3. Virus: Sasser and Netsky, Sasser virus, the virus is able to disable the Windows system can not be made until ShutDown process without the resources or the power supply at disconnect, the virus is not spread through email vvia but when the computer is infected with this virus there is a connection with another computer then the virus will run automatically and the computer does not have a virus which first became part attacked. Netsky, Netsky is a virus that spreads via email with a 22 Kb file attachment and Windows networks, when this attack will memyebabkan Netsky on DOS systems will experience an error. Sasser and Netsky is made by a 17-year-old son named Seven Jaschan, Anti Virus Used; Webroot Antivirus (www.webroot.com).

4. Virus: MyDome (Novarg). MyDome is a virus that spreads through email via this MyDome jam that spread through the media search engines (like Google) virus started spreading on 1 february 2004 last and DOS attack that both viruses spread on 12 february 2004, gara - gara this MyDome spread on search engines to U.S. SENATOR CHUCK Schumer asked for as soon as possible to make the National Virus Response Center. Used Anti-Virus: ESET NOD32 (www.eset.com).

5. Virus: SQL Slammer / Sapphire, SQL Slammer / Sapphire is starting to spread in January 2003 the virus spread rapidly through the internet. In 2003 the U.S. Bank ATM crashes, and cause the service 911 Seattle destroyed and Continental Airlines to cancel them because of an error checkin penerbanggan and ticketing, the viruses SQL Slammer / Sapphire has caused losses of $ 1Miliar. Used Anti virus: AVG Anti-Virus (www.avg.com)

6. Virus: Nimba, Nimba virus is spread in 2001 and spread very quickly, Nimba this virus is having targen server - a big server and make it a backdoor to the Os, the virus is spreading through the internet access ways, according to TruSecure CTO Peter Tippett Nimba virus only takes 22 minutes to get into the TOP teen sophisticated virus. Anti Virus: VIPRE Antivirus + Antispyware (www.vipreantivirus.com)

7. Virus: Code Red and Code Red II, the virus appeared in the summer of 2001, the virus is aimed at computer related to the White House then all computer virus Code Red and Code Red II will mengaccess to the White House web automatically and in unison, it will become overloaded or DDoS attack, Code Red and Code Red II attacks the OS Windows 2000 and NT. Anti-virus: F-Secure Anti-Virus (www.f-secure.com)

8. Virus: The Klez, a new virus attack in 2001, The Klez was attacked by Via Email, This virus can multiply and continue to send emails to all that exists in the address book. The Klez can also cause kumputer you can not operate normally and not to stop anti-virus. Anti Virus: Trend Micro (www.trendmicro.com)

9. Virus: Virus ILOVEYOU is the emergence of the Philippines in the form of worm, the virus spreads via email, this virus can make this a virus file and replicate by itself, this ILOVEYOU virus berjudulkan love letters from a secret admirer, his original file or the parent of this virus is LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.TXT. vbs., VBS (Visual Basic Scripting), this is the ILOVEYOU virus creator Onel de Guzman of the Philippine Anti-Virus: McAfee VirusScan (www.mcafee.com)

10. Virus: Melissa virus was made in 1999 by David L. Smith, the virus is spread via email with a document "Here Is That document you asked for, do not show it to anybodey else." When you open a file that is then sent his This document will spread automatically. and can lead to replication of this virus automatically sends this document to 50 Top email address in your email. Anti-virus: Norton AntiVirus (www.symantec.com)

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Perkembangan Internet

Internet dikembangkan di Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT) pada tahun 1962. Perkembangan berlanjut dengan dibentuknya Advanced Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET) pada tahun 1969, dimungkinkan karena terjadinya terobosan luar biasa di bidang teknologi. Internet mengkombinasikan komputerisasi dan teknologi komunikasi. Kedua aspek ini telah berkembang luar biasa dalam beberapa dekade ini. Pada tahun 1990, ARPANET telah beralih menjadi jaringan publik, dan terbuka untuk semua kalangan. ARPANET berkembang karena adanya aplikasi yang menyebar bebas, baik untuk perorangan maupun terhadap masyarakat secara umum. Internet bagaikan jaring laba-laba. Setiap titik pada jaring tersebut terhubungkan ke titik lainnya. Intranet adalah jaringan lebih kecil yang terdapat pada struktur yang lebih besar menggunakan protokol yang sama. Intranet dapat terhubungkan secara mudah ke internet karena protokol yang digunakan sudah terstandardisasi. Server adalah komputer skala besar yang menyimpan data dalam ukuran besar, dan menyediakan informasi bagi pengguna. Server-server ini saling terhubung satu sama lainnya. Bagi masyarakat awam, internet berarti suatu PC yang terhubung ke saluran telepon menggunakan modem. Internet Service Providers (ISP) menarik biaya untuk konektifitas yang disediakan ke internet. Search engine membantu kita mencari informasi yang kita butuhkan. Internet telah menjadi perangkat rumah tangga sehari-hari. Tapi apakah kegunaan internet selain untuk tranfer data dalam ukuran besar? Penggunaan internet paling dominan sekarang ini adalah untuk e-mail, yang berbiaya sangat kecil dibandingkan surat pos biasa. Orang-orang juga menggunakan internet untuk menelusuri dan mengumpulkan informasi. Aplikasi lain yang populer adalah dalam bentuk musik audio dan video. Penggunaan lain internet adalah e-commerce. E-commerce berarti segala kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan belanja secara online, penjualan tiket pesawat secara online, atau pun aplikasi perbankan online. Penulis mengatakan bahwa di masa yang akan datang internet akan berkembang lebih jauh dari sekedar jaringan internal planet bumi menjadi jaringan antar-planet, karena Mars dan bulan sudah menjadi habitat manusia pada tahun 2040. Jaringan antar-planet akan mempermudah manusia dalam transportasi material melewati jarak yang sangat jauh.

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Desain Dinding Hanging Quilts

Apakah Anda ingin menghias kamar Anda untuk menambah keindahan kamar? Jika demikian, Anda harus memilih dinding buatan tangan menggantung selimut untuk menghias dinding kamar tidur Anda, lounge, dan ruang keluarga. Anda juga dapat membuat kerajinan tangan menggantung permadani untuk menonjolkan keindahan interior kamar tidur Anda. Pada saat yang sama, jika Anda menemukan kesulitan untuk membeli selimut menggantung kain dipasang dinding yang dapat digunakan untuk menghiasi dinding kamar, Anda dapat mencoba merancang sebuah selimut sendiri.

Untuk desain selimut buatan tangan untuk hiasan dinding Anda, Anda harus mengatur berbagai jenis alat dan bahan. Anda harus mengumpulkan memo kain longgar, benang untuk jahitan jahitan dan tekstur kain kain, jarum, papan, gunting, pin, dan lembaran kain dukungan. Anda harus mematuhi setiap langkah yang sangat hati-hati saat merancang tangan dibuat dinding menggantung permadani / penghibur. Secara umum, ukuran standar selimut wall hanging adalah sekitar 27 inci dengan 27 inci. Namun, jika Anda ingin membuat selimut untuk dinding dekorasi mandiri, Anda dapat mengubah pola dan ukuran selimut Anda sesuai keinginan Anda.

Pada awalnya, Anda harus mencuci lembaran kain sehingga tidak ada patch / bintik gelap pada sisi atas selimut. Kain dukungan adalah kain polos yang insulates bagian belakang penghibur / selimut. Anda harus menjahit lembaran kain polos dukungan baik di sepotong selimut untuk perlindungan ekstra. Ini sebenarnya melindungi permukaan selimut dari debu, karat, kelembaban, dan kelembaban. Kedua, Anda harus memilih pemotong putar / reng untuk memperbaiki woofs, dan gunting.

Kemudian dengan bantuan mesin pemotong rotary, Anda dapat membentuk kembali kain mengikis dengan memotong tepi dan garis jahitan lembar kain.

Pada langkah ketiga, Anda akan harus membuat pengaturan untuk desain blok. Biasanya wall hanging permadani penuh dengan 9 blok dalam berbagai ukuran dan warna. Anda harus mengukur sempurna dengan menguraikan diagram pada kertas biasa. Benar blok cukup besar perlu diambil akurat sehingga dinding Anda tergantung selimut / selimut akan dibuat lebih menarik dan rapi.

Anda harus emboss blok pada tekstur kain kain sempurna. Kontur dari persegi empat blok harus dijahit dengan baik melalui menjahit. Setiap blok harus tetap ke permukaan fabricsheet cara terorganisir. perlu jahit Blok harus dilakukan dengan hati-hati untuk menghindari blok yang tidak tepat merancang. Anda dapat juga memasukkan tambahan atau double seam lembar kain platted di antara lembar kain selimut atas dan backing kain. Hal ini akan bertindak sebagai fixture untuk mengencangkan dua sendi dengan cara yang lebih akurat. Batas blok berlapis harus disematkan dengan benar dan sistematis.

Setelah menyelesaikan sulaman, Anda harus memeriksa apakah ada loop longgar, goresan, cacat, dan jahitan kain unfitted longgar di permadani / selimut. Jika Anda menemukan benang longgar atau cacat dalam selimut, anda harus memotong atau memangkas bahwa hasil yang akan merusak estetikus dari selimut wall hanging.

Handcrafted wall hanging selimut juga ditemukan di toko-toko selimut online. Anda bisa mendapatkan dinding biaya-efektif dan menarik menggantung permadani di toko-toko selimut. Periksa situs yang berbeda untuk mengumpulkan informasi yang relevan tentang wall hanging selimut yang pasti akan meningkatkan estetikus keseluruhan kamar tidur Anda, lounge, atau ruang tamu.

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The Mathematics of Terrorism

Since the 1960s, the mountains of southern Colombia have been home to a war between the government and a leftist guerrilla movement known as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC. The conflict has simmered for decades. Sometimes it flares up in battles with government forces, a terror bombing, or a particularly high-profile kidnapping. Sometimes it fades into the background as cease-fires or negotiations quiet the hostilities. FARC has been fighting for so long that the war has become almost like background noise, says Neil Johnson, a University of Miami physicist who travels to Colombia every year to visit his wife’s family. Even locals have become numb to the conflict. “There’s this war going on, but I didn’t think too much of it. You hear numbers of dead every day, like football results,” Johnson says. “It took me 10 years to realize that maybe there was important information hidden in those numbers.”
Johnson, who specializes in the study of complexity, is one of a new breed of physicists turning their analytical acumen away from subatomic particles and toward a bewildering array of more immediate human problems, from traffic management to urban planning. It turns out that subatomic particles and people are not that different, he explains. “The properties of individual electrons have been known for many years, but when they get together as a group they do bizarre things”—much like stock traders, who have more in common with quarks and gluons than you might think. So profound is the connection that quants (quantitative analysts, often with backgrounds in physics or engineering) have flocked to Wall Street, creating elaborate models based on the way markets have moved in the past. ArXiv, a clearinghouse for physics research papers, includes an entire section on “quantitative finance.”
Still, it was not until a chance 2001 meeting in Bogotá with Mike Spagat, an economist at Royal Holloway College, University of London, that Johnson considered modeling something as human as warfare. Spagat had a Colombian Ph.D. student named Jorge Restrepo who was gathering data on attacks and death tolls, provided by the nonprofit Center for Investigation and Popular Education, so he could look for patterns in the conflict. Johnson hoped the numbers could tell them something about how the individual particles—in this case, insurgents rather than electrons—functioned when put together in large groups.
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